Shigoto Zukan
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How to become medical scientists, except epidemiologistseducation, training, experience and the steps to enter

United States Engineering & Science Confidence ★★★★★

Median annual pay
$103,410
25th–75th pct. $79,840–$139,380
Top pay (est.)
$231,100
Top 10% $177,780
Pay in 5 years
$120,100est.
2031
Pay in 10 years
$139,500est.
$120,000–$162,000
Outlook score
64/100
★★★☆☆ Average
AI replacement risk
63%
High
Job growth (10 yr)
+12.6%
10K openings / yr

How to become medical scientists, except epidemiologists

Typical education
Doctoral or professional degree
BLS
Related experience
None
On-the-job training
None

A step-by-step guide for this occupation is being prepared. The education, training and experience data above show the typical path.

Skills, education and requirements for Medical Scientists, Except Epidemiologists

Key skills

Reading Comprehension
5.2
Active Learning
5.0
Science
5.0
Writing
4.9
Critical Thinking
4.8
Complex Problem Solving
4.6
Speaking
4.4
Judgment and Decision Making
4.2

O*NET skill level ratings (0–7).

Key knowledge areas

Biology
6.3
English Language
5.0
Chemistry
4.6
Medicine and Dentistry
4.3
Mathematics
4.3
Computers and Electronics
4.3
Education and Training
3.7
Administration and Management
3.4

What the work involves

Thinking CreativelyUpdating and Using Relevant KnowledgeAnalyzing Data or InformationProcessing InformationCommunicating with Supervisors, Peers, or SubordinatesGetting InformationOrganizing, Planning, and Prioritizing WorkEstablishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships

Important abilities

Inductive ReasoningOral ExpressionOral ComprehensionWritten ComprehensionWritten ExpressionProblem Sensitivity

Education of workers

Doctoral degree
36%
Post-doctoral training
25%
Master's degree
25%
Bachelor's degree
8%
Post-master's certificate
7%

Training before entry

1–3 months
15%
None / short demo
15%
Up to 1 month
14%
2–4 years
6%
4–10 years
6%
6–12 months
5%

Related work experience

2–4 years
31%
Over 10 years
30%
6–8 years
21%
4–6 years
18%

Job Zone 5 — extensive preparation needed (O*NET)

Difficulty of entry: ★★★★☆ Demanding (from education, training, experience and Job Zone)

Career path and how to earn more as medical scientists, except epidemiologists

Career-path guidance is being prepared. Pay by percentile is shown in the Pay section.

Pay and employment figures are national statistics. Projected pay, outlook scores and AI replacement risk are estimates from the Shigoto Zukan model, not guarantees. To request a correction, use the contact form. How to read the data
Sources: BLS OEWS May 2025; BLS Employment Projections 2025–35; O*NET 31.0 Database by USDOL/ETA (CC BY 4.0), modified by Shigoto Zukan. Pay ranges, projections and scores are Shigoto Zukan estimates.