航海士 航海士
What 航海士 do
An English description is being prepared. Japanese description:
航海に先立って、予定航路の状況、気象・海象、航海距離などを調査し、機関士と相談しながら速力・燃料・所用時間を算出し、航海計画の原案を作成する。出航前に、水や食料、燃料、貨物、船体の状況、航海用具、計器の作動状況を調べ、出航準備を整える。
出入港時には船橋、船首、船尾など指定の位置につき、船長の命令を機関部に伝えたり、錨作業や係船作業を指揮する。航海中は、肉眼やレーダー、GPSで陸地・島、他船の位置や航路標識などをチェックし、現在位置を海図上で確認する。船の大きさ・航行時間によって乗務すべき航海士の人数は異なるが、外航船（国際航路）には3人の航海士が乗り込み、4時間ずつのローテーションで航海当直に立つ。航海計器・舵などの機器の作動状況や気象・潮流の変化に気を配り、他船との衝突や座礁などを避け、進路を保って安全で効率的な航海につとめる。
停泊中は、荷役作業が安全に進行するよう監督しながら、次の航海に備えて必要な資材の補給、航海計器や船体の整備、荷役・税関関係の書類、出港許可書や国籍証書などの確認を行う。
◇ よく使う道具、機材、情報技術等
航海用具、レーダー、GPS、海図、航海計器、舵、工具（かなづち、のこぎり等の手動工具、ドリル等の電動工具）
Employment type of workers
航海士 salary
The average annual pay for 航海士 in Japan is ¥4.70M (≈ $29,896; Basic Survey on Wage Structure (2025), national). The estimated median is ¥4.37M, the typical range is ¥3.30M–¥7.85M and the top 10% earn about ¥6.80M.
How does your pay compare with people your age?
Your numbers are not sent or stored. The distribution is estimated from Japan's national wage statistics, including pay differences by age.
Pay by ageest.
Estimated from the average pay and average age (47.1) using the age-wage curve of the Basic Survey on Wage Structure.
Pay by experienceest.
Pay by employment typeest.
The average hourly wage of ¥2,153 is 1.8× Japan's national average minimum wage of ¥1,177 (fiscal 2026). Minimum wage by prefecture →
Japanese pay is shown in yen (¥5.57M = 5.57 million yen ≈ 557万円). Dollar figures use the current rate of 157.25 yen per dollar and are for reference only; purchasing power differs.
Pay over time
| Year | Average pay | Employment | Openings ratio |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | ¥4.33M | — | — |
| 2022 | ¥4.54M | — | — |
| 2023 | ¥4.57M | — | 0.66x |
| 2024 | ¥4.67M | — | 0.64x |
| 2025 | ¥4.70M | — | 0.75x |
Projected pay for 航海士 (3, 5 and 10 years)est.
Today ¥4.70M → in 3 years ¥5.00M → in 5 years ¥5.21M → in 10 years ¥5.78M (10-year range ¥4.97M–¥6.71M). The model assumes pay growth of +2.1% per year.
What drives the annual growth rate
Projected pay = current pay × (1 + annual growth)^years. The annual growth rate starts from a base wage-growth rate and adds or subtracts labor demand (the job-openings-to-applicants ratio), wage momentum and AI replacement risk for each occupation. Projections are not guarantees. How it is calculated →
Outlook score for 航海士
Each component is a percentile rank among all occupations in the same country (0–100). Weights: labor demand 25, wage momentum / openings 15, pay level 15, AI resistance 25, aging workforce 10 (Japan only), entry barrier 10.
Will AI replace 航海士? AI replacement risk
How AI is changing this job
A written analysis for this occupation is being prepared.
AI replacement risk compares the parts of a job that are easy to hand to AI or software (processing information, documentation, repetitive computer work) with the parts that are hard to automate (physical work, working closely with people, judgment in unpredictable settings), using the MHLW job tag survey on work activities, work context, skills and knowledge. The result is a relative position among all occupations in the country, scaled to 0–100%. Methodology →
Labor demand for 航海士
A ratio above 1.0 means there are more job openings than applicants (a labor shortage). The 5- and 10-year figures are estimates from the openings ratio, wage momentum and AI replacement risk.
The same job in the United States
| 航海士 Japan | Captains, Mates, and Pilots of Water Vessels United States | |
|---|---|---|
| Median / average pay | ¥4.70M ≈ $29,896 | $92,460 |
| Pay in 10 years (est.) | ¥5.78M | $126,300 |
| Outlook score | 45 | 68 |
| AI replacement risk | 41% Moderate | 28% Low |
| Workers | — | 37K |
Matched by occupation (SOC code). Yen converted at 157.25 JPY/USD for reference; Japanese figures are averages, U.S. figures are medians, and the surveys define occupations differently.
Skills, education and requirements for 航海士
Key skills
Skill levels from the MHLW job tag worker survey.
Key knowledge areas
What the work involves
Important abilities
Licenses and certifications (Japan)
- 海技士（航海）免許 National license
Related qualifications listed on job tag (names in Japanese). Some are mandatory, others recommended.
Education of workers
Training before entry
Related work experience
Difficulty of entry: ★★★☆☆ Moderate (from education, training, experience, licenses)
How to become 航海士
The typical path in Japan is shown by the education, training and experience of current workers above and in the Japanese guidance below. A detailed English guide for this occupation is being prepared.
Guidance from job tag (Japanese)
免許取得にはいくつかの方法があるが、一般的には旧商船大学（現在は、東京海洋大学と神戸大学）、商船高等専門学校、海上技術の学校等に進学する。それぞれ所定の修業年限を経て、在学中又は卒業後、乗船実習を航海訓練所や学校所属の練習船で行う。大きな船に乗るには上級の免許が必要となり、それに応じた乗船経験も必要となる。
大手海運会社では旧商船大学卒業者が最も多く、商船高等専門学校卒業者がこれに次ぐ。内航海運会社では海員学校や水産高校出身者が多くなっている。
船上では船長を中心とした秩序が大切で、自らを厳しく律し、規律を守ることが求められる。また、甲板部員を指導し、チームワークを作り上げるリーダーシップも必要となる。気温の変化、振動、変則的な勤務に耐えられる体力や忍耐力も求められる。
Career path and how to earn more as 航海士
Career-path guidance is being prepared. Pay by experience is shown in the Pay section.