Jobs least likely to be replaced by AI in the U.S.(from #501)

Lowest AI replacement risk first. Hands-on, physical and people-facing occupations rank highest. (841 occupations)

Highest payPay in 10 yearsOutlookSafest from AIMost exposed to AIFastest growingFastest pay growthLargest employment
Country:United StatesJapan
#OccupationMedian payIn 10 yrsOutlookAI riskGrowth (10 yr)
493 Door-to-Door Sales Workers, News and Street Vendors, and Related Workers
Sales · 2,760 workers
$41,380 $51,900est. 35/100 48% −10.4%
493 Computer, Automated Teller, and Office Machine Repairers
Manufacturing & Repair · 66K workers
$47,810 $62,200est. 37/100 48% −3.0%
493 Watch and Clock Repairers
Manufacturing & Repair · 1,310 workers
$67,230 $88,600est. 40/100 48% −0.3%
493 Electrical and Electronic Equipment Assemblers — —est. 40/100 48% —
493 Jewelers and Precious Stone and Metal Workers
Manufacturing & Repair · 22K workers
$52,540 $68,300est. 48/100 48% −3.2%
493 Cleaning, Washing, and Metal Pickling Equipment Operators and Tenders
Manufacturing & Repair · 15K workers
$43,530 $58,400est. 49/100 48% +3.4%
507 Forensic Science Technicians
Engineering & Science · 19K workers
$72,060 $101,400est. 70/100 49% +13.3%
507 Agricultural Sciences Teachers, Postsecondary
Education · 8,920 workers
$98,700 $132,000est. 61/100 49% +2.9%
507 Set and Exhibit Designers
Design · 11K workers
$75,240 $99,900est. 60/100 49% +1.4%
507 Cashiers
Retail · 3.1M workers
$32,880 $42,000est. 32/100 49% −6.5%
507 Coin, Vending, and Amusement Machine Servicers and Repairers
Manufacturing & Repair · 26K workers
$47,450 $61,600est. 40/100 49% −3.4%
507 Lathe and Turning Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic
Manufacturing & Repair · 17K workers
$50,620 $63,200est. 34/100 49% −11.3%
507 First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand
— —est. 50/100 49% —
507 Bridge and Lock Tenders
Transportation · 3,040 workers
$57,700 $75,300est. 38/100 49% −2.3%
515 Tutors
Education · 175K workers
$43,350 $57,100est. 44/100 50% −0.2%
515 Instructional Coordinators
Education · 228K workers
$77,440 $102,900est. 57/100 50% +1.6%
515 Artists and Related Workers, All Other
Design · 6,930 workers
$71,240 $94,800est. 57/100 50% +2.0%
515 Designers, All Other
Design · 9,480 workers
$64,950 $86,100est. 55/100 50% +1.2%
515 Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technologists — —est. 53/100 50% —
515 Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technicians — —est. 44/100 50% —
515 Hotel, Motel, and Resort Desk Clerks
Hospitality · 261K workers
$35,070 $46,600est. 40/100 50% +1.8%
515 Camera and Photographic Equipment Repairers
Manufacturing & Repair · 1,650 workers
$52,720 $65,500est. 28/100 50% −15.5%
515 Precision Instrument and Equipment Repairers, All Other
Manufacturing & Repair · 9,400 workers
$68,990 $92,000est. 54/100 50% +2.5%
515 Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers, All Other
Manufacturing & Repair · 176K workers
$49,230 $65,700est. 48/100 50% +2.6%
515 Assemblers and Fabricators, All Other — —est. 50/100 50% —
515 Food Processing Workers, All Other
Manufacturing & Repair · 65K workers
$39,680 $53,700est. 55/100 50% +5.5%
515 Cutting, Punching, and Press Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic
Manufacturing & Repair · 171K workers
$46,330 $58,000est. 28/100 50% −10.5%
515 Metal Workers and Plastic Workers, All Other
Manufacturing & Repair · 16K workers
$45,950 $58,500est. 29/100 50% −7.1%
515 Tailors, Dressmakers, and Custom Sewers
Manufacturing & Repair · 14K workers
$41,640 $52,600est. 37/100 50% −8.8%
515 Textile, Apparel, and Furnishings Workers, All Other
Manufacturing & Repair · 14K workers
$37,280 $46,300est. 21/100 50% −13.4%
515 Woodworkers, All Other
Manufacturing & Repair · 5,490 workers
$44,530 $58,000est. 43/100 50% −2.3%
515 Plant and System Operators, All Other
Manufacturing & Repair · 14K workers
$62,470 $83,300est. 47/100 50% +2.3%
515 Semiconductor Processing Technicians
Manufacturing & Repair · 31K workers
$51,430 $70,500est. 57/100 50% +8.2%
515 Production Workers, All Other
Manufacturing & Repair · 252K workers
$40,110 $53,100est. 40/100 50% +0.8%
515 Machine Feeders and Offbearers
Logistics · 42K workers
$41,220 $51,200est. 28/100 50% −13.1%
536 Mechanical Engineering Technologists and Technicians
Engineering & Science · 36K workers
$74,510 $98,500est. 49/100 51% +1.3%
536 Environmental Science and Protection Technicians, Including Health
Engineering & Science · 35K workers
$55,090 $74,900est. 65/100 51% +6.9%
536 Curators
Education · 12K workers
$63,420 $85,400est. 66/100 51% +4.9%
536 Fine Artists, Including Painters, Sculptors, and Illustrators
Design · 11K workers
$55,490 $71,900est. 49/100 51% −2.9%
536 Gambling Change Persons and Booth Cashiers
Retail · 22K workers
$36,220 $47,200est. 36/100 51% −1.9%
536 Cargo and Freight Agents
Logistics · 98K workers
$52,260 $70,800est. 55/100 51% +6.2%
536 Electromechanical Equipment Assemblers — —est. 42/100 51% —
536 Drilling and Boring Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic
Manufacturing & Repair · 4,680 workers
$49,080 $61,600est. 34/100 51% −9.5%
536 Cutting and Slicing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders
Manufacturing & Repair · 45K workers
$46,570 $60,900est. 41/100 51% −0.9%
536 Etchers and Engravers
Manufacturing & Repair · 7,750 workers
$43,310 $56,700est. 37/100 51% −0.7%
546 Agents and Business Managers of Artists, Performers, and Athletes $82,890 $113,900est. 74/100 52% +9.7%
546 Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technologists and Technicians
Engineering & Science · 95K workers
$78,190 $103,700est. 50/100 52% +2.4%
546 Environmental Engineering Technologists and Technicians
Engineering & Science · 12K workers
$59,920 $79,700est. 52/100 52% +3.1%
546 Chemical Technicians
Engineering & Science · 58K workers
$60,390 $81,000est. 58/100 52% +4.9%
546 Educational, Guidance, and Career Counselors and Advisors
Social Services · 353K workers
$64,330 $85,500est. 50/100 52% +2.9%
Pay and employment figures are national statistics (U.S.: BLS OEWS and Employment Projections; Japan: MHLW job tag). Projected pay, outlook scores and AI replacement risk are estimates from the Shigoto Zukan model, not guarantees. How to read the data