Jobs least likely to be replaced by AI in the U.S.(from #551)

Lowest AI replacement risk first. Hands-on, physical and people-facing occupations rank highest. (841 occupations)

Highest payPay in 10 yearsOutlookSafest from AIMost exposed to AIFastest growingFastest pay growthLargest employment
Country:United StatesJapan
#OccupationMedian payIn 10 yrsOutlookAI riskGrowth (10 yr)
546 Mathematical Science Teachers, Postsecondary
Education · 48K workers
$79,940 $105,600est. 52/100 52% +1.7%
546 Political Science Teachers, Postsecondary
Education · 17K workers
$98,070 $130,100est. 57/100 52% +2.5%
546 Education Teachers, Postsecondary
Education · 61K workers
$75,350 $99,900est. 56/100 52% +2.5%
546 Teaching Assistants, Postsecondary
Education · 164K workers
$42,910 $57,000est. 52/100 52% +2.7%
546 Pharmacists
Healthcare · 322K workers
$140,910 $189,400est. 59/100 52% +5.2%
546 Postal Service Clerks
Logistics · 74K workers
$62,130 $81,300est. 36/100 52% −0.3%
546 Separating, Filtering, Clarifying, Precipitating, and Still Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders
Manufacturing & Repair · 60K workers
$51,610 $65,800est. 32/100 52% −5.7%
558 Social and Community Service Managers
Management & Consulting · 209K workers
$80,390 $108,800est. 66/100 53% +7.2%
558 Nuclear Technicians
Engineering & Science · 6,470 workers
$110,240 $144,800est. 58/100 53% +1.1%
558 Rehabilitation Counselors
Social Services · 95K workers
$46,850 $61,900est. 45/100 53% +2.2%
558 Physics Teachers, Postsecondary
Education · 13K workers
$100,310 $132,600est. 56/100 53% +2.4%
558 Area, Ethnic, and Cultural Studies Teachers, Postsecondary
Education · 11K workers
$85,020 $112,600est. 58/100 53% +2.7%
558 Philosophy and Religion Teachers, Postsecondary
Education · 20K workers
$80,260 $105,900est. 54/100 53% +2.0%
558 Library Technicians
Education · 69K workers
$44,580 $56,500est. 38/100 53% −6.4%
558 Sound Engineering Technicians
Film & Video · 13K workers
$73,130 $94,100est. 39/100 53% −3.1%
558 Motion Picture Projectionists
· 1,480 workers
$38,270 $48,500est. 33/100 53% −6.2%
558 Extruding and Forming Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Synthetic and Glass Fibers
Manufacturing & Repair · 13K workers
$46,350 $59,600est. 30/100 53% −3.3%
558 Chemical Equipment Operators and Tenders
Manufacturing & Repair · 140K workers
$58,040 $77,200est. 49/100 53% +3.6%
558 Dental Laboratory Technicians
Manufacturing & Repair · 34K workers
$49,610 $63,000est. 38/100 53% −5.9%
558 First-Line Supervisors of Material-Moving Machine and Vehicle Operators
— —est. 57/100 53% —
558 First-Line Supervisors of Passenger Attendants
— —est. 46/100 53% —
558 Airline Pilots, Copilots, and Flight Engineers
Aviation · 104K workers
$232,140 $315,800est. 74/100 53% +8.3%
573 General and Operations Managers
Management & Consulting · 3.5M workers
$105,770 $141,200est. 62/100 54% +5.0%
573 Aerospace Engineering and Operations Technologists and Technicians
Engineering & Science · 11K workers
$82,890 $114,400est. 67/100 54% +11.9%
573 Surveying and Mapping Technicians
Engineering & Science · 58K workers
$54,240 $72,700est. 61/100 54% +5.8%
573 Food Science Technicians
Engineering & Science · 15K workers
$52,130 $69,500est. 60/100 54% +4.8%
573 Atmospheric, Earth, Marine, and Space Sciences Teachers, Postsecondary
Education · 9,900 workers
$103,170 $136,000est. 55/100 54% +2.4%
573 Chemistry Teachers, Postsecondary
Education · 20K workers
$93,250 $122,800est. 55/100 54% +2.3%
573 Anthropology and Archeology Teachers, Postsecondary
Education · 5,240 workers
$99,650 $131,500est. 54/100 54% +2.6%
573 Criminal Justice and Law Enforcement Teachers, Postsecondary
Education · 13K workers
$76,590 $100,500est. 51/100 54% +1.5%
573 Physicians, Pathologists
Healthcare · 11K workers
$312,400 $416,600est. 59/100 54% +4.8%
573 Counter and Rental Clerks
Retail · 401K workers
$41,300 $54,600est. 44/100 54% +3.0%
573 Shipping, Receiving, and Inventory Clerks
Logistics · 817K workers
$45,260 $56,800est. 25/100 54% −7.6%
573 Weighers, Measurers, Checkers, and Samplers, Recordkeeping
Logistics · 53K workers
$46,380 $59,000est. 29/100 54% −4.8%
573 Textile Bleaching and Dyeing Machine Operators and Tenders
Manufacturing & Repair · 5,310 workers
$38,180 $46,900est. 28/100 54% −12.5%
573 Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant and System Operators
Manufacturing & Repair · 128K workers
$60,020 $76,000est. 33/100 54% −5.7%
573 Petroleum Pump System Operators, Refinery Operators, and Gaugers
Manufacturing & Repair · 33K workers
$96,710 $124,800est. 42/100 54% −1.9%
588 Transportation, Storage, and Distribution Managers
Management & Consulting · 221K workers
$107,230 $143,500est. 66/100 55% +6.1%
588 Gambling Managers
Management & Consulting · 5,030 workers
$93,220 $123,200est. 60/100 55% +3.6%
588 Postmasters and Mail Superintendents $96,660 $125,400est. 41/100 55% −0.3%
588 Computer Occupations, All Other
IT & Software · 435K workers
$116,580 $155,200est. 56/100 55% +5.1%
588 Landscape Architects
Architecture · 20K workers
$79,870 $106,000est. 59/100 55% +4.4%
588 Conservation Scientists
Engineering & Science · 26K workers
$73,010 $97,300est. 58/100 55% +5.3%
588 Legal Support Workers, All Other
Legal · 47K workers
$72,110 $93,500est. 46/100 55% −0.3%
588 Forestry and Conservation Science Teachers, Postsecondary
Education · 1,520 workers
$101,420 $133,500est. 54/100 55% +2.8%
588 Private Detectives and Investigators
Protective Services · 36K workers
$51,220 $68,300est. 56/100 55% +5.5%
588 First-Line Supervisors of Personal Service Workers
· 114K workers
$48,590 $65,100est. 57/100 55% +6.3%
588 Food Cooking Machine Operators and Tenders
Manufacturing & Repair · 31K workers
$41,590 $53,900est. 37/100 55% −0.3%
588 Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers
Manufacturing & Repair · 597K workers
$48,570 $63,900est. 45/100 55% +2.5%
600 Chief Executives
Management & Consulting · 204K workers
$213,990 $281,500est. 64/100 56% +3.2%
Pay and employment figures are national statistics (U.S.: BLS OEWS and Employment Projections; Japan: MHLW job tag). Projected pay, outlook scores and AI replacement risk are estimates from the Shigoto Zukan model, not guarantees. How to read the data